Airport Direction Signs

AIM ¶ 2-3-10 Airport Direction Signs

AIM 2-3-10 explains airport direction signs: yellow background, black taxiway designations with arrows showing turns at intersections. Study guide for pilots.

In Plain English

Direction signs help you navigate taxiway intersections on the airport surface. Per AIM 2-3-10, they have a yellow background with black inscription showing the designations of intersecting taxiways you'd normally turn onto or hold short of, each paired with an arrow indicating the direction of the turn.

Key features to recognize:

  • Color: Yellow background, black letters and arrows.
  • Arrows: Normally one arrow per taxiway designation (with a limited exception for simple intersections where one crossing taxiway can have two arrows).
  • Layout: Multiple taxiway designations are separated by a vertical message divider or a taxiway location sign.
  • Order: Designations and arrows are arranged clockwise, starting from the first taxiway on the pilot's left.
  • Location sign placement: When co-located, left turns appear left of the location sign; straight-ahead and right turns appear to its right.
  • Position: Normally placed on the left prior to the intersection. When used to mark a runway exit, the sign sits on the same side of the runway as the exit.

Knowing these conventions lets you anticipate turns, read clearances accurately, and reduce the risk of taxi errors or runway incursions.

AIM Source Text
FAA AIM ¶ 2-3-10
2-3-10. 2-3-10. Direction Signs Direction signs have a yellow background with a black inscription. The inscription identifies the designation(s) of the intersecting taxiway(s) leading out of the intersection that a pilot would normally be expected to turn onto or hold short of. Each designation is accompanied by an arrow indicating the direction of the turn. Except as noted in subparagraph e, each taxiway designation shown on the sign is accompanied by only one arrow. When more than one taxiway designation is shown on the sign, each designation and its associated arrow is separated from the other taxiway designations by either a vertical message divider or a taxiway location sign as shown in FIG 2-3-35 . Direction signs are normally located on the left prior to the intersection. When used on a runway to indicate an exit, the sign is located on the same side of the runway as the exit. FIG 2-3-36 shows a direction sign used to indicate a runway exit. The taxiway designations and their associated arrows on the sign are arranged clockwise starting from the first taxiway on the pilot's left. (See FIG 2-3-35 .) If a location sign is located with the direction signs, it is placed so that the designations for all turns to the left will be to the left of the location sign; the designations for continuing straight ahead or for all turns to the right would be located to the right of the location sign. (See FIG 2-3-35 .) When the intersection is comprised of only one crossing taxiway, it is permissible to have two arrows associated with the crossing taxiway, as shown in FIG 2-3-37 . In this case, the location sign is located to the left of the direction sign. FIG 2-3-35 Direction Sign Array with Location Sign on Far Side of Intersection FIG 2-3-36 Direction Sign for Runway Exit FIG 2-3-37 Direction Sign Array for Simple Intersection
Oral Exam Questions a DPE Might Ask
Q1What color scheme identifies a taxiway direction sign, and what information does it provide?
Per AIM 2-3-10, direction signs have a yellow background with a black inscription. The inscription identifies the designations of intersecting taxiways leading out of the intersection that the pilot would normally turn onto or hold short of, each accompanied by an arrow showing the direction of turn.
Q2Where are direction signs normally located relative to the intersection, and how are multiple taxiway designations arranged?
Per AIM 2-3-10, direction signs are normally located on the left prior to the intersection. When multiple taxiways are shown, the designations and arrows are arranged clockwise starting from the first taxiway on the pilot's left, separated by a vertical message divider or a taxiway location sign.
Q3If a location sign is placed within a direction sign array, how are the taxiway designations organized around it?
Per AIM 2-3-10, when a location sign is co-located with direction signs, designations for all left turns are placed to the left of the location sign, while designations for continuing straight ahead or for right turns are placed to the right of the location sign.
Related Paragraphs in AIM Chapter 2
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AIM 2-3-10 — Airport Direction Signs