ETOPS Reporting Requirements

FAR 21.4 ETOPS Reporting Requirements

FAR 21.4 explains ETOPS reporting rules for type certificate holders, including IFSD tracking, problem resolution systems, and world fleet reliability targets.

In Plain English

FAR 21.4 sets reporting duties for type certificate holders of airplanes and engines approved for ETOPS (Extended Operations over water or remote areas).

If an airplane-engine combination is approved using the Early ETOPS method (Part 25, Appendix K), the type certificate holder must run a Problem Tracking and Resolution System that promptly identifies issues, reports them to the FAA, and proposes a fix — such as a design change, manufacturing change, procedure change, or other FAA-acceptable solution.

Reportable occurrences include:

  • IFSDs (in-flight shutdowns), except planned training IFSDs
  • Inability to control an engine or get desired thrust
  • Precautionary thrust reductions
  • Degraded in-flight engine starting
  • Fuel loss, unavailability, or uncorrectable imbalance
  • Turn backs or diversions tied to ETOPS group 1 systems
  • Any event jeopardizing safe flight and landing

Holders must also file monthly reliability reports and issue service information to keep the world fleet 12-month rolling average IFSD rate at or below set thresholds (e.g., 0.02/1,000 engine-hours for 180-minute ETOPS). This matters because ETOPS flights operate far from diversion airports, so engine reliability must be demonstrably high.

Regulation Text
14 CFR § 21.4
§ 21.4 ETOPS reporting requirements. (a)The holder of a type certificate for an airplane-engine combination approved using the Early ETOPS method specified in part 25, Appendix K, of this chapter must use a system for reporting, tracking, and resolving each problem resulting in one of the occurrences specified in paragraph (a)(6) of this section. (1) The system must identify how the type certificate holder will promptly identify problems, report them to the responsible Aircraft Certification Service office, and propose a solution to the FAA to resolve each problem. A proposed solution must consist of— (i) A change in the airplane or engine type design; (ii) A change in a manufacturing process; (iii) A change in an operating or maintenance procedure; or (iv) Any other solution acceptable to the FAA. (2) For an airplane with more than two engines, the system must be in place for the first 250,000 world fleet engine-hours for the approved airplane-engine combination. (3) For two-engine airplanes, the system must be in place for the first 250,000 world fleet engine-hours for the approved airplane-engine combination and after that until— (i) The world fleet 12-month rolling average IFSD rate is at or below the rate required by paragraph (b)(2) of this section; and (ii) The FAA determines that the rate is stable. (4) For an airplane-engine combination that is a derivative of an airplane-engine combination previously approved for ETOPS, the system need only address those problems specified in the following table, provided the type certificate holder obtains prior authorization from the FAA: (5) The type certificate holder must identify the sources and content of data that it will use for its system. The data must be adequate to evaluate the specific cause of any in-service problem reportable under this section or § 21.3(c) that could affect the safety of ETOPS. (6) In implementing this system, the type certificate holder must report the following occurrences: (i) IFSDs, except planned IFSDs performed for flight training. (ii) For two-engine airplanes, IFSD rates. (iii) Inability to control an engine or obtain desired thrust or power. (iv) Precautionary thrust or power reductions. (v) Degraded ability to start an engine in flight. (vi) Inadvertent fuel loss or unavailability, or uncorrectable fuel imbalance in flight. (vii) Turn backs or diversions for failures, malfunctions, or defects associated with an ETOPS group 1 significant system. (viii) Loss of any power source for an ETOPS group 1 significant system, including any power source designed to provide backup power for that system. (ix) Any event that would jeopardize the safe flight and landing of the airplane on an ETOPS flight. (x) Any unscheduled engine removal for a condition that could result in one of the reportable occurrences listed in this paragraph. (b)—(1)The holder of a type certificate for an airplane approved for ETOPS and the holder of a type certificate for an engine installed on an airplane approved for ETOPS must report monthly to their respective Aircraft Certification Service office on the reliability of the world fleet of those airplanes and engines. The report provided by both the airplane and engine type certificate holders must address each airplane-engine combination approved for ETOPS. The FAA may approve quarterly reporting if the airplane-engine combination demonstrates an IFSD rate at or below those specified in paragraph (b)(2) of this section for a period acceptable to the FAA. This reporting may be combined with the reporting required by § 21.3. The responsible type certificate holder must investigate any cause of an IFSD resulting from an occurrence attributable to the design of its product and report the results of that investigation to its responsible Aircraft Certification Service office. Reporting must include: (i) Engine IFSDs, except planned IFSDs performed for flight training. (ii) The world fleet 12-month rolling average IFSD rates for all causes, except planned IFSDs performed for flight training. (iii) ETOPS fleet utilization, including a list of operators, their ETOPS diversion time authority, flight hours, and cycles. (2)The holder of a type certificate for an airplane approved for ETOPS and the holder of a type certificate for an engine installed on an airplane approved for ETOPS must issue service information to the operators of those airplanes and engines, as appropriate, to maintain the world fleet 12-month rolling average IFSD rate at or below the following levels: (i) A rate of 0.05 per 1,000 world-fleet engine-hours for an airplane-engine combination approved for up to and including 120-minute ETOPS. When all ETOPS operators have complied with the corrective actions required in the configuration, maintenance and procedures (CMP) document as a condition for ETOPS approval, the rate to be maintained is at or below 0.02 per 1,000 world-fleet engine-hours. (ii) A rate of 0.02 per 1,000 world-fleet engine-hours for an airplane-engine combination approved for up to and including 180-minute ETOPS, including airplane-engine combinations approved for 207-minute ETOPS in the North Pacific operating area under appendix P, section I, paragraph (h), of part 121 of this chapter. (iii) A rate of 0.01 per 1,000 world-fleet engine-hours for an airplane-engine combination approved for ETOPS beyond 180 minutes, excluding airplane-engine combinations approved for 207-minute ETOPS in the North Pacific operating area under appendix P, section I, paragraph (h), of part 121 of this chapter. [Doc. No. FAA-2002-6717, 72 FR 1872, Jan. 16, 2007, as amended by Doc. No. FAA-2018-0119, Amdt. 21-101, 83 FR 9169, Mar. 5, 2018] Problems in changed systems only. (ii) Does not require a new engine type certificate All problems applicable to the new engine installation, and for the remainder of the airplane, problems in changed systems only. (i) Requires a new engine type certificate Then the Problem Tracking and Resolution System must address . . . If the change does not require a new airplane type certificate and . . .
Oral Exam Questions a DPE Might Ask
Q1What is the purpose of the Problem Tracking and Resolution System under FAR 21.4?
Per FAR 21.4(a), it requires Early ETOPS type certificate holders to promptly identify problems, report them to the FAA, and propose a solution — such as a design, manufacturing, or procedure change — to resolve issues affecting ETOPS safety.
Q2Name some occurrences a type certificate holder must report under FAR 21.4.
FAR 21.4(a)(6) requires reporting of unplanned IFSDs, inability to control an engine, precautionary thrust reductions, degraded in-flight starting, fuel loss or imbalance, ETOPS-related diversions, and any event jeopardizing safe flight and landing.
Q3What IFSD rate must be maintained for an airplane-engine combination approved for 180-minute ETOPS?
Under FAR 21.4(b)(2)(ii), the world fleet 12-month rolling average IFSD rate must be maintained at or below 0.02 per 1,000 world-fleet engine-hours for combinations approved up to and including 180-minute ETOPS.
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FAR 21.4 — ETOPS Reporting Requirements