TSO Deviation Approval

FAR 21.618 TSO Deviation Approval

FAR 21.618 explains how manufacturers request FAA approval to deviate from a TSO performance standard by showing an equivalent level of safety.

In Plain English

FAR 21.618 governs how an article manufacturer can get permission to deviate from a TSO (Technical Standard Order) performance standard. A TSO is a minimum performance specification the FAA sets for certain aircraft articles (like avionics, seats, or life vests). Sometimes a manufacturer's design can't meet a specific TSO requirement exactly — but it can still be just as safe through other means.

To get a deviation approved, the manufacturer must:

  • Show equivalent safety. Other factors or design features must compensate for the standard being deviated from, providing an equivalent level of safety.
  • Submit the request to the FAA with all pertinent supporting data.
  • Route foreign requests through the civil aviation authority of the country or jurisdiction where the article is manufactured, which then forwards the request to the FAA.

Why it matters operationally: this rule keeps the TSO system flexible enough to allow innovation and alternative designs while ensuring the equipment installed in your aircraft still meets a safety bar equivalent to the original standard.

Regulation Text
14 CFR § 21.618
§ 21.618 Approval for deviation. (a) Each manufacturer who requests approval to deviate from any performance standard of a TSO must show that factors or design features providing an equivalent level of safety compensate for the standards from which a deviation is requested. (b) The manufacturer must send requests for approval to deviate, together with all pertinent data, to the FAA. If the article is manufactured under the authority of a foreign country or jurisdiction, the manufacturer must send requests for approval to deviate, together with all pertinent data, through the civil aviation authority of that country or jurisdiction to the FAA. [Docket No. FAA-2006-25877, Amdt. 21-92, 74 FR 53392, Oct. 16, 2009, as amended by Doc. No. FAA-2018-0119, Amdt. 21-101, 83 FR 9169, Mar. 5, 2018]
Oral Exam Questions a DPE Might Ask
Q1What must a manufacturer demonstrate to get approval to deviate from a TSO performance standard?
Per FAR 21.618(a), the manufacturer must show that other factors or design features provide an equivalent level of safety that compensates for the standard from which the deviation is requested.
Q2Where does a manufacturer send a request for a TSO deviation?
Under FAR 21.618(b), the request and all pertinent data are sent directly to the FAA, or — if the article is manufactured under a foreign country or jurisdiction's authority — through that civil aviation authority to the FAA.
Q3What is the purpose of the deviation process described in FAR 21.618?
FAR 21.618 allows manufacturers to use alternative designs that don't strictly meet a TSO standard, as long as they prove equivalent safety, balancing flexibility with the FAA's safety requirements.
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FAR 21.618 — TSO Deviation Approval Requests