Airport Advisory Services

AIM ¶ 3-5-1 Airport Advisory Services

AIM 3-5-1 explains LAA, Final Guard, and RAIS advisory services at non-towered airports. Study guide for pilot students prepping for checkrides.

In Plain English

AIM 3-5-1 describes advisory services provided by Flight Service Stations (FSS) at airports without an operating control tower. Participation is recommended, not mandatory, but it improves safety at busy GA fields.

Two services are available:

  • Local Airport Advisory (LAA) — Available only in Alaska, within 10 statute miles of an airport where the tower isn't operating but an FSS is on the field. The FSS provides full local advisories to arriving and departing aircraft.
  • Remote Airport Information Service (RAIS) — Supports short-term special events like fly-ins, advertised by NOTAM D only. RAIS provides traffic and event instructions but no weather or Final Guard because the FSS lacks continuous wind/altimeter data.

Final Guard is a value-added service automatically provided during LAA/RAA operations in active weather. After you report "on-final" or "taking the active runway," the FSS monitors winds and altimeter and blind broadcasts significant changes until you report on-the-ground or airborne. Acknowledge the first check, but no response is expected for blind broadcasts due to cockpit workload. Always close the loop by reporting down or airborne.

When requesting remote ATC services, pilots must first monitor the automated weather broadcast at the landing airport.

AIM Source Text
FAA AIM ¶ 3-5-1
3-5-1. 3-5-1. Airport Advisory/Information Services There are two advisory type services available at selected airports. Local Airport Advisory (LAA) service is available only in Alaska and is operated within 10 statute miles of an airport where a control tower is not operating but where a FSS is located on the airport. At such locations, the FSS provides a complete local airport advisory service to arriving and departing aircraft. During periods of fast changing weather the FSS will automatically provide Final Guard as part of the service from the time the aircraft reports “on-final” or “taking-the-active-runway” until the aircraft reports “on-the-ground” or “airborne.” NOTE- Current policy, when requesting remote ATC services, requires that a pilot monitor the automated weather broadcast at the landing airport prior to requesting ATC services. The FSS automatically provides Final Guard, when appropriate, during LAA/Remote Airport Advisory (RAA) operations. Final Guard is a value added wind/altimeter monitoring service, which provides an automatic wind and altimeter check during active weather situations when the pilot reports on-final or taking the active runway. During the landing or take-off operation when the winds or altimeter are actively changing the FSS will blind broadcast significant changes when the specialist believes the change might affect the operation. Pilots should acknowledge the first wind/altimeter check but due to cockpit activity no acknowledgement is expected for the blind broadcasts. It is prudent for a pilot to report on-the-ground or airborne to end the service. Remote Airport Information Service (RAIS) is provided in support of short term special events like small to medium fly-ins. The service is advertised by NOTAM D only. The FSS will not have access to a continuous readout of the current winds and altimeter; therefore, RAIS does not include weather and/or Final Guard service. However, known traffic, special event instructions, and all other services are provided. NOTE- The airport authority and/or manager should request RAIS support on official letterhead directly with the manager of the FSS that will provide the service at least 30 days in advance. Approval authority rests with the FSS manager and is based on workload and resource availability. REFERENCE- AIM, Para 4-1-9 , Traffic Advisory Practices at Airports Without Operating Control Towers. It is not mandatory that pilots participate in the Airport Advisory programs. Participation enhances safety for everyone operating around busy GA airports; therefore, everyone is encouraged to participate and provide feedback that will help improve the program.
Oral Exam Questions a DPE Might Ask
Q1What is Local Airport Advisory (LAA) service and where is it available?
Per AIM 3-5-1, LAA is an advisory service available only in Alaska, operated within 10 statute miles of an airport where the control tower is not operating but where an FSS is located on the airport. The FSS provides complete local airport advisories to arriving and departing aircraft.
Q2What is Final Guard and when is it provided?
Per AIM 3-5-1, Final Guard is a value-added wind/altimeter monitoring service automatically provided during LAA/RAA operations in fast-changing weather. It runs from when the pilot reports 'on-final' or 'taking-the-active-runway' until reporting 'on-the-ground' or 'airborne,' with the FSS blind-broadcasting significant changes that might affect the operation.
Q3How does RAIS differ from LAA, and is participation in advisory services mandatory?
Per AIM 3-5-1, RAIS supports short-term special events like fly-ins and is advertised by NOTAM D only. Unlike LAA, the FSS has no continuous wind/altimeter readout, so RAIS does not include weather or Final Guard, though traffic and event instructions are provided. Participation in airport advisory programs is not mandatory but is encouraged for safety.
Related Paragraphs in AIM Chapter 3
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AIM 3-5-1 — Airport Advisory/Information Services