AIM ¶ 4-6-3 — RVSM Approval Procedures
AIM 4-6-3 explains RVSM aircraft/operator approval, 14 CFR 91.180/91.706 authority, TCAS II v7.0, monitoring programs, and FAA approvals databases.
In Plain English
RVSM (Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum) airspace allows 1,000 ft vertical separation between FL290 and FL410. Before flying there, both the aircraft and the operator must be authorized.
- 14 CFR 91.180 governs RVSM operations inside U.S. airspace.
- 14 CFR 91.706 governs RVSM operations outside U.S. airspace.
For domestic flights, operators may use Part 91, Appendix G, Section 9 (no specific approval required). For international RVSM flights, you need a specific approval — OpSpec, MSpec, or LOA — under Section 3 of Appendix G.
Key requirements:
- TCAS II equipped aircraft flown in RVSM airspace must use Version 7.0 or later.
- Operators must participate in an altitude-keeping performance monitoring program (described in AC 91-85) so the FAA can verify in-service performance.
- All RVSM airspace is monitored airspace, but ATC does not check approvals databases before issuing clearances — program managers audit usage afterward.
For U.S. operators with specific authority, the FAA Technical Center maintains the U.S. Operator/Aircraft RVSM Approvals database, viewable on the FAA RVSM website.
AIM Source Text
FAA AIM ¶ 4-6-34-6-3. 4-6-3. Aircraft and Operator Approval Policy/Procedures, RVSM Monitoring and Databases for Aircraft and Operator Approval
RVSM Authority . 14 CFR section 91.180 applies to RVSM operations within the U.S. 14 CFR section 91.706 applies to RVSM operations outside the U.S. Both sections require that the operator be authorized prior to operating in RVSM airspace. For Domestic RVSM operations, an operator may choose to operate under the provisions of part 91, Appendix G, section 9; or if intending to operate outside U.S. airspace, hold a specific approval (OpSpec/MSpec/LOA) under the provisions of section 3 of part 91, Appendix G. Sources of Information. Advisory Circular (AC) 91-85, Authorization of Aircraft and Operators for Flight in Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) Airspace, and the FAA RVSM website. TCAS Equipage. TCAS equipage requirements are contained in 14 CFR sections 121.356, 125.224, 129.18 and 135.189. part 91, Appendix G, does not contain TCAS equipage requirements specific to RVSM, however, Appendix G does require that aircraft equipped with TCAS II and flown in RVSM airspace be modified to incorporate TCAS II Version 7.0 or a later version. Aircraft Monitoring. Operators are required to participate in the RVSM altitude-keeping performance monitoring program that is appropriate for the type of operation being conducted. The monitoring programs are described in AC 91-85. Monitoring is a quality control program that enables the FAA and other civil aviation authorities to assess the in-service altitude-keeping performance of aircraft and operators. Purpose of RVSM Approvals Databases. All RVSM designated airspace is monitored airspace. ATC does not use RVSM approvals databases to determine whether or not a clearance can be issued into RVSM airspace. RVSM program managers do regularly review the operators and aircraft that operate in RVSM airspace to identify and investigate those aircraft and operators flying in RVSM airspace, but not listed on the RVSM approvals databases. Registration of U.S. Operators. When U.S. operators and aircraft are granted specific RVSM authority, the Separation Standards Group at the FAA Technical Center obtains PTRS operator and aircraft information to update the FAA maintained U.S. Operator/Aircraft RVSM Approvals database. Basic database operator and aircraft information can be viewed on the RVSM Documentation web page in the “RVSM Approvals” section.
Oral Exam Questions a DPE Might Ask
Q1What regulations require authorization for RVSM operations, and how do they differ?
Per AIM 4-6-3, 14 CFR 91.180 applies to RVSM operations within the U.S., while 14 CFR 91.706 applies to RVSM operations outside the U.S. Both require the operator to be authorized prior to operating in RVSM airspace.
Q2If an aircraft is equipped with TCAS II and operated in RVSM airspace, what version is required?
Per AIM 4-6-3, Part 91 Appendix G requires that TCAS II-equipped aircraft flown in RVSM airspace be modified to incorporate TCAS II Version 7.0 or a later version.
Q3Does ATC use the RVSM approvals database to decide whether to clear you into RVSM airspace?
No. Per AIM 4-6-3, all RVSM airspace is monitored airspace, but ATC does not use the RVSM approvals databases to determine whether a clearance can be issued. RVSM program managers review operators afterward to identify aircraft flying in RVSM airspace without being listed.
Related Paragraphs in AIM Chapter 4