Temporary Certificates

FAR 61.17 Temporary Certificates

FAR 61.17 covers temporary pilot, flight instructor, and ground instructor certificates: 120-day validity, expiration triggers, and what students need to know.

In Plain English

FAR 61.17 governs temporary certificates issued to pilots, flight instructors, and ground instructors. When you successfully complete a checkride or rating, the examiner typically hands you a temporary airman certificate that lets you exercise the privileges of your new certificate or rating right away — while the FAA processes and mails your permanent plastic certificate.

Key points:

  • A temporary certificate or rating is valid for up to 120 days.
  • During that period, the Administrator reviews your application and, if you're found qualified, issues your permanent certificate.
  • A temporary certificate expires when any one of the following happens:
    • The expiration date printed on the certificate is reached;
    • You receive your permanent certificate; or
    • You receive notice that your certificate or rating is denied or revoked.

This matters operationally because you must have a valid certificate in your possession to act as PIC. If your temporary expires before the permanent arrives, you should contact the FAA — flying on an expired temporary is not legal.

Regulation Text
14 CFR § 61.17
§ 61.17 Temporary certificate. (a) A temporary pilot, flight instructor, or ground instructor certificate or rating is issued for up to 120 days, at which time a permanent certificate will be issued to a person whom the Administrator finds qualified under this part. (b) A temporary pilot, flight instructor, or ground instructor certificate or rating expires: (1) On the expiration date shown on the certificate; (2) Upon receipt of the permanent certificate; or (3) Upon receipt of a notice that the certificate or rating sought is denied or revoked.
Oral Exam Questions a DPE Might Ask
Q1How long is a temporary pilot certificate valid after your checkride?
Per FAR 61.17, a temporary pilot, flight instructor, or ground instructor certificate or rating is issued for up to 120 days, during which the FAA processes and issues the permanent certificate.
Q2What events cause a temporary certificate to expire?
Under FAR 61.17(b), a temporary certificate expires on the expiration date shown on the certificate, upon receipt of the permanent certificate, or upon receipt of notice that the certificate or rating sought is denied or revoked.
Q3If you pass your private pilot checkride today, can you legally fly passengers tomorrow?
Yes. FAR 61.17 provides that the temporary certificate issued by the examiner allows you to exercise the privileges of the certificate immediately, for up to 120 days, until the permanent certificate is issued.
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FAR 61.17 — Temporary Pilot Certificates Explained