GA Accident Causal Factors

AIM ¶ 7-6-1 GA Accident Causal Factors

Per AIM 7-6-1, learn the 10 most frequent pilot-related causes of GA accidents, plus alertness and right-of-way tips for student pilots prepping for checkride.

In Plain English

AIM 7-6-1 lists the 10 most frequent causal factors in general aviation accidents involving the pilot-in-command. Knowing them helps you target your training and self-critique your flying.

The top causes are:

  • Inadequate preflight preparation/planning
  • Failure to obtain or maintain flying speed
  • Failure to maintain directional control
  • Improper level off
  • Failure to see and avoid objects or obstructions
  • Mismanagement of fuel
  • Improper inflight decisions or planning
  • Misjudgment of distance and speed
  • Selection of unsuitable terrain
  • Improper operation of flight controls

This list is remarkably stable year after year, which is why recurrent training matters. The AIM also offers two operational reminders (recommended practices, not regulations):

  • Alertness: Stay especially vigilant in good weather. Most midair collisions happen in VFR conditions, where unlimited visibility creates a false sense of security. Monitoring terminal advisories — even without individual service — adds situational awareness.
  • Giving Way: If another aircraft looks too close, yield first even if you have the right-of-way. Sort out who was right after you land safely.
AIM Source Text
FAA AIM ¶ 7-6-1
7-6-1. 7-6-1. Accident Causal Factors The 10 most frequent causal factors for general aviation accidents that involve the pilot‐in‐command are: Inadequate preflight preparation and/or planning. Failure to obtain and/or maintain flying speed. Failure to maintain direction control. Improper level off. Failure to see and avoid objects or obstructions. Mismanagement of fuel. Improper inflight decisions or planning. Misjudgment of distance and speed. Selection of unsuitable terrain. Improper operation of flight controls. This list remains relatively stable and points out the need for continued refresher training to establish a higher level of flight proficiency for all pilots. A part of the FAA's continuing effort to promote increased aviation safety is the Aviation Safety Program. For information on Aviation Safety Program activities contact your nearest Flight Standards District Office. Alertness. Be alert at all times, especially when the weather is good. Most pilots pay attention to business when they are operating in full IFR weather conditions, but strangely, air collisions almost invariably have occurred under ideal weather conditions. Unlimited visibility appears to encourage a sense of security which is not at all justified. Considerable information of value may be obtained by listening to advisories being issued in the terminal area, even though controller workload may prevent a pilot from obtaining individual service. Giving Way. If you think another aircraft is too close to you, give way instead of waiting for the other pilot to respect the right‐of‐way to which you may be entitled. It is a lot safer to pursue the right‐of‐way angle after you have completed your flight.
Oral Exam Questions a DPE Might Ask
Q1Name several of the most frequent causal factors in GA accidents involving the pilot-in-command.
Per AIM 7-6-1, the 10 most frequent factors include inadequate preflight preparation/planning, failure to obtain or maintain flying speed, failure to maintain directional control, improper level off, failure to see and avoid objects or obstructions, mismanagement of fuel, improper inflight decisions or planning, misjudgment of distance and speed, selection of unsuitable terrain, and improper operation of flight controls.
Q2Under what weather conditions do most midair collisions occur, and why?
Per AIM 7-6-1, midair collisions almost invariably occur under ideal VFR weather conditions. Unlimited visibility appears to encourage an unjustified sense of security, so pilots are reminded to remain especially alert in good weather and monitor terminal advisories when possible.
Q3If you believe another aircraft is too close, what does the AIM recommend you do, even if you have the right-of-way?
Per AIM 7-6-1, you should give way rather than waiting for the other pilot to respect your right-of-way. It is safer to sort out the right-of-way issue after the flight is safely completed.
Related Paragraphs in AIM Chapter 7
Master the AIM
Stop guessing. Drill it.

Adaptive questions tied to the live AIM + FAR. Mock checkrides predict your DPE pass rate.

5 questions/day free • No credit card
AIM 7-6-1 — GA Accident Causal Factors