Second-Class Cardiovascular Standards

FAR 67.211 Second-Class Cardiovascular Standards

FAR 67.211 sets cardiovascular standards for a second-class medical certificate, listing disqualifying heart conditions like MI, angina, and pacemakers.

In Plain English

FAR 67.211 lays out the cardiovascular standards you must meet to hold a second-class medical certificate — the medical required for commercial pilot privileges. To qualify, you must have no established medical history or clinical diagnosis of any of the following conditions:

  • Myocardial infarction (heart attack)
  • Angina pectoris (chest pain from reduced blood flow to the heart)
  • Coronary heart disease that has required treatment, or that — if untreated — has been symptomatic or clinically significant
  • Cardiac valve replacement
  • Permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation
  • Heart replacement (transplant)

Why it matters operationally: commercial flying places higher demands on a pilot, and a sudden cardiac event in flight could be catastrophic for crew, passengers, and people on the ground. If you have one of these conditions, you are not automatically grounded forever — but you cannot be issued a second-class medical under the standard rules. You would need to pursue a Special Issuance Authorization from the FAA, which requires detailed cardiac evaluation and ongoing follow-up.

Regulation Text
14 CFR § 67.211
§ 67.211 Cardiovascular. Cardiovascular standards for a second-class medical certificate are no established medical history or clinical diagnosis of any of the following: (a) Myocardial infarction; (b) Angina pectoris; (c) Coronary heart disease that has required treatment or, if untreated, that has been symptomatic or clinically significant; (d) Cardiac valve replacement; (e) Permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation; or (f) Heart replacement.
Oral Exam Questions a DPE Might Ask
Q1What cardiovascular conditions disqualify an applicant from a second-class medical certificate?
Per FAR 67.211, disqualifying conditions include myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, clinically significant or treated coronary heart disease, cardiac valve replacement, permanent pacemaker implantation, and heart replacement.
Q2If a commercial pilot applicant had untreated coronary heart disease, would that automatically disqualify them under the second-class standards?
Under FAR 67.211(c), untreated coronary heart disease is disqualifying only if it has been symptomatic or clinically significant; otherwise, it would not automatically bar issuance under that paragraph.
Q3Does a permanent pacemaker disqualify a pilot from holding a second-class medical?
Yes. FAR 67.211(e) lists permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation as a disqualifying condition for a second-class medical certificate, though a Special Issuance may be pursued through the FAA.
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FAR 67.211 — Second-Class Medical Cardiovascular Standards