Fractional Program Flights

FAR 91.1007 — Fractional Program Flights

FAR 91.1007 explains when fractional ownership flights must operate under Part 121 or 135, substitute aircraft rules, and owner notification requirements.

In Plain English

FAR 91.1007 governs how fractional ownership program flights interact with Part 121 (airline) and Part 135 (commuter/on-demand) operations. It addresses three situations:

Substitute aircraft: When a nonprogram aircraft is used in place of a scheduled program flight, that flight must be flown under Part 121 or Part 135, whichever applies. The only exception is the limited situations carved out by § 91.501(b).
Program manager dual operations: A program manager who also holds a Part 119 certificate can fly a fractional owner under Part 121 or Part 135, but only if the aircraft is listed on that certificate's operations specifications.
Owner notification: The fractional owner must be told whether their flight is being conducted as a Subpart K program flight or under Part 121/135.

This matters because the rules, crew duty limits, and passenger protections differ significantly between Subpart K and the commercial parts. Owners need to know which regulatory regime applies to their flight.

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Regulation Text

14 CFR § 91.1007

§ 91.1007 Flights conducted under part 121 or part 135 of this chapter. (a) Except as provided in § 91.501(b), when a nonprogram aircraft is used to substitute for a program flight, the flight must be operated in compliance with part 121 or part 135 of this chapter, as applicable. (b) A program manager who holds a certificate under part 119 of this chapter may conduct a flight for the use of a fractional owner under part 121 or part 135 of this chapter if the aircraft is listed on that certificate holder's operations specifications for part 121 or part 135, as applicable. (c) The fractional owner must be informed when a flight is being conducted as a program flight or is being conducted under part 121 or part 135 of this chapter.

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Oral Exam Questions a DPE Might Ask

Q1If a fractional program needs to substitute a nonprogram aircraft for a scheduled program flight, under what rules must that flight be conducted?

Per FAR 91.1007(a), the substitute flight must be operated in compliance with Part 121 or Part 135, as applicable, except as provided in § 91.501(b).

Q2Can a fractional program manager conduct a flight for an owner under Part 121 or 135, and if so, what's required?

Yes. FAR 91.1007(b) allows it if the program manager holds a Part 119 certificate and the aircraft is listed on that certificate holder's Part 121 or 135 operations specifications.

Q3What must the fractional owner be told about the regulatory basis of their flight?

FAR 91.1007(c) requires the owner to be informed whether the flight is being conducted as a program flight or under Part 121 or Part 135.

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